Self loading and dumping vehicle



Nov. 4 1924.

J. E. M CRAY SELF LOADING AND DUMPING VEHICLE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Nov.

M RR w 06 E Tc. M M m W T I A Y B M n I w Illlll lL w Nov. 4 1924. 1,513,839

- J. E. MCCRAY SELF LOADING AND DUMPING VEHICLE Filed Nov. 2. 1923 2 Sheet s-Sheet 2 E a 5 6Z /57 H 4 INVENTOR.

I I I l 315/ 2 E f NEYS. Z4 [26, 125 ATTOR Patented Nov. 4, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SELF LOADING AND DUIVIPING VEHICLE.

Application filed November 2, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. MCGRAY, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Indianapolis, county of Marion, and State of Indiana, have invented a certain new and useful Self Loading and Dumping Vehicle; and I do hereby declare that the following is a. full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which like numerals refer to like parts.

This invention relates to excavating scoops or haulers of the semi-automatic type;

The chief object of the invention is to construct a scoop or hauler and support the same upon a vehicular framework whereby the loaded scoop or bucket'can be raised by the tractive force into load-carrying position, then released for automatic movement into dumping position but retained in carrying position and thereafter released for automatic "movement into loading position.

Another main object of the invention is toconstruct the vehicular framework of the articulated type whereby each unit thereof may have universal movement relative to another unit.

One feature of the device consists in the construction of vehicular framework so that each unit includes a pair of wheels, all of said wheels being connected for turning and tracking movement whereby the device can be operated in close quarters.

Anotherfeature'of the device consists in the pivotal connection of the frame units for tilting movement about a horizontal axis.

A third feature of the invention consists in so arranging the controls for each unit and the several units that they can be controlled from one station such as the drivers seat.

Other features of the invention consists in the association of the several parts where by the scoop may be positioned, released and maintained-in the positions of loading, carrying, dumping and returning. Still a further feature of the invention consists in the simplicity of construction of the device, the same being construed chiefly of standard angle, strap and sheet iron.

The full nature of this invention will be: understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and claims.

Serial No. 672,326.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the invention. Fig. 2 is a top plan View thereof with the seat removed. Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial section and partial elevation of the frames and wheels connection. Fig. 4: is an elevational view of the scoop and a portion of the supporting parts, the full lines indicating the dumping position, the dash lines indicating the load.- carrying position and returning position, the dotted and dash lines indicating the loading position. Fig. 5 is a side elevational view of the vehicle embodying the invention arranged as a trailer for tractor service. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 66 of Fig. 5 and in the direction of the arrows.

In the drawings there is illustrated an excavating scoop or hauler vehicle of the semi-automatic type. In excavating work heretofore it has been the general practice to use slips or scoops for short-haul work. For longer haul work, it has been customary to use two wheel haulers or scoops, the capacity of which is considerably greater than that the slip type first mentioned. Where the excavation is at some distance from the dump, it has been the general practice heretofore to use dumping vehicles of the box or bottom dumping type, which vehicles are loaded by hand or by steam shovel. The usual practice is to use two teams to each dump vehicle, for drawing the same from the excavation. After reaching the level, the fore team is detached from the tongue of the loaded vehicle and the rear team hauls the same to the dump. The present invention seeks to utilize the advantages of the two wheel scoop and of the dumping vehicles without the disadvantages of each, such as lack of capacity in the first instance; and the requirement of other machinery, such as excavators, in the second instance other than two teams or a single tractor having a power pulley, and in certain instances the additional use of a plow where required. The total capacity of the two scoops herein shown approximately exceeds that of a cubic yard.

In Figs. 1 and 2 there is illustrated one form of the invention adapted to be used with teams; and in Fig. 5 there is another form of the invention adapted to be used with a tractor having a power pulley or with two tractors. In the first instance the driver of the vehicle operates the various porting frameworks. The upper ends or adjacent members 11 are slidably connected together by an arcuate construction concentric with the pivot pin 27. Herein the same constitutes an arcuately shaped angle iron 29 suitably secured to the upper rear portion of the front unit framework. Cooperating therewith is a U-shaped groove forming, strap 30 for receiving one side of the arcuate angle iron 2-9. The groove construction 30 is suitably secured to the upper forward portion of the rear unit framework and medianly thereof. The tongue and groove connection thus described is concentric with the pivot connection 28 previously described. Thus the rear and front units may have independent tilting movement with respect to each other and yet tractive efiort exerted upon the front unit will be transmitted to the rear unit.

- Since each of the units are substantially similar and the operation is substantially similar, except as previously described and as hereinafter to be set forth specifically, a description of the construction. common to both units will suflice for an understanding of themboth. Reference, therefore, may be had particularly to Fig. 4, wherein there is illustrated a scoop having a curved back 31, a pair of flat sides 32 and a flat bottom 33, the front and top being open. Herein each scoop is shown provided with a laterally extending pivot pin 34 so positioned with respect to the body that the center of gravity of the scoop when unloaded lies toward the curved back 31 when said scoop is in the dumping position shown by the full lines in Fig. 4. lVhen loaded, however, it has been found that the front end of the scoop is about one hundred and forty pounds heavier than the rear end of the scoop. From the foregoing it will be readily apparent that if the scoop is locked in an elevated carrying position, the weight of the earth thereon will automatically tilt the released scoop into the dumping position; and after the earth has been dumped therefrom, the weight of the scoop will automatically tilt the scoop into a neutral position substantially coinciding with that previously occupied by the scoop when loaded, although not necessarily restricted thereto, as will be more fully explained hereinafter.

The pivot 34 upon each side 32 of the scoop is supported upon what may be termed a moving pivot or plural pivot bearings. Herein such construction includes a U- shaped channel 35, the upper end of which is partially closed by'the strap 36, and adjacent said strap forming a part of said U- shaped channel, is a pivotal closure 37 carrying a ledge 38 and an inclined face 39. The member 37 is extended upwardly, as at 39, and said extension is rocked by means hereinafter to be described. It will be apparent, therefore, that when the member 37 is tilted forwardly to remove the supporting ledge 38 from beneath the pivot restrained upon said lodge by the overhanging catch portion 36 previously described, the pivot drops into the U-shaped slot or bearing 35 into its lowest possible position indicated by X. When in this position, the scoop is positioned as shown by the dot-ted and dash lines in Fig. 4. This is secured through the following means. Upon the back of the scoop there is positioned suitable means, and herein the same is shown in the form of a transverse rod 40. This rod 40 engages the horizontal ledge of the transverse member 12 and prevents further downward movement of the rear end of the scoop. Upon each of the sides 32 and near the upper forward end thereof and projecting laterally therefrom is a stop pin 41. The stop pin 41 when the ledge 38 is retracted from beneath the pivot pin 34, also engages upon the ledge of the angle iron 12 forming part of the supporting framework; and forward movement of the rectangular framework constituting the unit will cause the scoop to be loaded. Herein a suitable stop 42 is illustrated for preventing upward tilting movement of the forward edge of the scoop when loading. 7

When the scoop has been loaded by the forward movement of the vehicle, suitable means, such as the chains 43, are actuated to elevate the scoop. It is to be noted that the vehicle may remain stationary while the scoop is elevated into the load carrying position, and thus a straight lift is secured which permits the scoop to be completely filled, since heretofore in some devices utilizing elevating scoops the latter have been elevated only during the forward movement of the vehicle supporting the same.

Hoisting the chains 43 positioned at each side of the scoop and secured thereto near the center of the side 32 and near, the forward edge thereof, causes said scoop to be elevated not only at its front end but also causes the pivot pins 34 to ride upwardly in the slots 35; and if the lever 39 is not in the open position shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 4, said pivot pin cams the same into said dotted line position. This upward movement of the pivot pin is restrained by the catch 36; and after the pins have reached this position, the levers 39 are actuated to project the ledges 38 beneath said pivot pins and lock the scoop upon its elevated axis. Thereafter suitablemeans is associated with the scoop and herein the same is associated with the stop pins 41 for locking the loaded scoop in the load carrying position, thereby relieving the strains from the hoisting cables or chains 43. Herein such means includes similar constructions positioned upon opposite sides of the scoop and connected pivot for simultaneous-'operation.' A link 4% is li'ivotailyf:supportedat its lower end to the frame niemberlii forwardly of the U-shap'ed iibovet'his pivotal support and upon the upper-"member 10, there is pivotally'si' pported a lever e5. lhe lower neeend of the lever fit) is turned toward the scoop and forms a catcher supporting ledge at). This end also carries a pin e? which is slidably supported in an elongated slot 48 forined'in the upper free end of the link- The dotted line position'in Fig. il-' 44. lustr'ates one off-center position, wherein the laterz'u -portion it; of'the lever lziis projec'ted beneath the stop pin 41 and supports the ledgeeo from beneath the stop pin-4i.-

the scoop-by reason of the difference in weight with respectto the rearward and forward portions thereof is tilted downwardly into'the full line position from the dotted'line position, see Fig.- l. In so doing,' the pin 41 describes an arc and passes through a notch 49 formed in the frame niernber'12. Ininiediatelydiponthe dumping of the load, as previouslyexplained, the scoopautomatically is tilted upwardly.- "In suclwtilting"movement, the pin i-l' retraces its arcuate-path and again passes through the slot 49. The scoop then rides free and swingin gly or may be latched in the load carrying position, as-illustrated by'the dotted lines in Fig. 4, although it is not necessary to latch the scoop in that position. Thereafter'the lever 39 is actuated to drop the pivot pin 34 from its elevated position into itsloWest position, which causes the scoop to fall into the loading position;

When the scoop is to be latched in the tilted position, engagement with dumped nate-- rial tilts the scoop rearwardly and simultaneously levels said mate-rial. This rearward tilting increases the clearance, see Fig. l, and projects the rear end of the scoop forwardly over the center when it is latched by the strap hook 80 or 180.

-Reference will nowbe had particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, wherein the meansfor actuating the lever'39, lever 15 and chain 43 are illustrated. In theseparticu-lar ures each framework unit pivotally supports a roll shaft 50, and to said roll shafts 50 issecured one end of the chain 43. P0- sitioned" between themountings for the chains 43 is a pulley 51, and secured to the pulley 5-i-or-wrappedaroundtheisarneis'ian actuating cable 52: Actuation of -the cable 52, therefore, servesfto coil -"and; unc'oil the chains "upon :ithe shafti '51; Ifivo1tall'y supportedupon the: upper part of the framew'orkof each' unit isg'a transverse rockshaft 53. Near "each end of the rock shaft? and rockable therewith is a lever 5a, ione' end of which is. secured atoit he shaft tand thev other end ofv which isrsecured tc ailinlr- 55 in turn connected to=:theiupper end of the lever 39wassocia-ted 'with the pivotilpin 3a. A lever :is suitably secured to; the shaft 53 and -is adapted to rock said-shaftby 'IIIGZLIISG'ELK link rod.57,-.terniinating at a convenient porti on'of" the vehicle, andv herein it is shown terminating inthefhandle 58' adjacent theseat 59x Thus'actuationof the handle58--servesto 'roclrthe lever 39Rupon'i itspivotal support on the frame; member pressing the footlever 63tiltsthe lever 45.

into the load; "sustaining position: as 1 shown byuatlle dotted -lines; in F igo' eand' by the full lines.- in thewrearnnit of Figwl. By

retracting the foot lever 68, the" levers-45 are simultaneously rockedinto the: full line; position, as shown in Fig. L.

- Herein the upper'end of the levers. 39' of the forward unit are connected by links 155 to levers 15L-carried by a rock shaft .153 and actuated by a. lever #156, the foregoing construction being substantially a duplicate of the onstructionpreviously described for actuatingthe rear unit levers '39. Similarly the; forward unit levers 45 are connected together atatheir upper free ends by a transverse meniber ;carrying an inter-mediate extension-161% actuatable; by a rodi162'operable througlr a foot lever 163.

- Herein thesto'ngue- 26- is shown i provided With%a 'p-ulley70,.and thisupiulley 70iis associated with. the cable 52. -The cable'52' is herein shown wrappedseveral timesiaround the forward pulley :or drum- 51; and there after passes rearwardly to the-rear pulley orfdrum' 5lf-and 'is secured thereto. 'The cab1e52 constitutes the iii-hauling line and. the movement thereof: is approximately four feet. The lead'teamytherefore, moves four j feet when unhcoked" from the tongue 26 and connectedto the cable 52,- the vehicle.

remaining stationary; This f movement ofthe cable "52 causes'theforwm dunit pulley5'1 to revolve',*therebycoi1in'g the chains 433 upon the 'drum' shaft"50.;" This elevates, the loading scoop, I and, of course, elevates the rear scoop. After the forward scoop has been elevated and looked through the levers. 45, the lead team is detached from the cable 52 and again connected to .the tongue 26. The rear scoop if not restrained by the lever 45 drops intoloading position when the pivot: 34 is released from its upper pivotal support. Otherwise, the lever 45 must be actuated to release the stop pin Q1. The downward movement of the scoop into the loading position serves to uncoil the chains 43 upon the rear unit drum 50 and thus to reversely wind the cable 52 upon the drums 51, thereby taking up the slack and returning the cable 52 for subsequent operation. After the scoop has been loaded, as previously described, the lead team is again detachable from the tongue 26 and connected to the cable 52. Subsequent forward movement of the cable 52 through the beforementioned distance elevates the rear scoop, whereupon it is locked inthe load carrying position. This forward movement thus re-winds the forward chains 43 and the rearward chains 13 but extends the in-hauling ca ble four feet beyond the tongue. A suitable device, such as a rockable lever 71, is adapted to engage the cable 52 and when actuated by the driver after the rear scoop is loaded, said rocking movement takes up the slack in the cable 52 and thus prevents interference with the hauling team by the cable 52 which has been retracted.

In Fig. 5 a device substantially identical to that previously described is illustrated in detail. This device is adapted to be associated with a tractor having a power pulley, and herein the invention is illustrated as of the trailer type.

In this type of the invention the rear unit frame carries a pair of upstanding brackets 80, and supported thereby is a transverse support 81. Herein the rods 57. 62. 157 and 162 are extended rearwardly and are slidably supported by the transverse support 81 terminating in suitable handles for sliding said rods with respect to said support for actuating the respective levers 39 and 45 on the front and rear unit constructions. Herein, however, the following difference is to be noted; the tongue 126 is constructed so that it is suitable for connection to a tractor or to the rear of another trailer. The rear portion 127 of the vehicle is likewise constructed so as to permit the attachment of a following trailer. Since tractors are provided with a power pulley operable independently of the traction wheels, the cable 152 preferably is connected thereto and is actuated at the desired times by the operator of the tractor for hoisting the forward and rear scoops. A suitable takeup device may be provided, such as that illustrated at 71 in Figs. 1 and 2, but herein the same is not necessary. If desired, separa e cables may be applied. to the drums said. spindles together for simultaneous movement.

A loading and dumping vehicle including a pair of scoops, a pair of wheels for each scoop, a spindle for each wheel, a framework pivotally supporting said spindles of each scoop, means connecting said frameworks to goth-er, other means connecting the spindles of each scoop together for simultaneous movement, and hinge means connecting said spindle connecting means for securing the,

reverse simultaneous movemient of the spindles of the other scoop.

3. A loading and dumping vehicle including a pair of scoops, a pair of wheels for each scoop, a spindle for each wheel, a framework pivotally supporting said spindles of each scoop, and means pivotally connecting said spindles together for simultaneous movement.

4. In a vehicle of the character described, the combination of a framework including a slotted laterally extending angle support, a scoop pivotally supported upon said framework, and a pin on said scoop passable entirely through the framework slot and free from the support to permit dumping of the scoop contents.

5. In a vehicle of the character described, the combination of a framework including a slotted laterally extending angle support, a scoop pivotally supported upon said framework, a pin on said scoop passable entirely through the framework slot and free from the support to permit dumping of the scoop contents, said pin being returnable through the framework slot and seatable upon said framework, and additional means upon said framework providing a pivotal support in a plurality of parallel positions.

6. In a vehicle of the character described, the combination of a supporting framework having an aperture therein, a pair of pivot forming supports positioned one above the other and above and below said apertured framework, a scoop pivotally supported in either of said pivot forming supports, a pin carried by said scoop and passable through the aperture of said support and oppositely positioned with respect to the scoop pivot.

7. In a vehicle of the character described, the combination of a supporting framework,

a scoopincluding an eccentric pivot when unloaded and oppositely positioned. when fully loadedfor automatic dumping by tilting, and returning-by tilting when unloaded.

8. In a vehiclefof the character described, the cornbination of a supporting framework having an aperturetherein, a pair of pivot forming supports (positioned o1 1e ,,above the other and above and below'said' apertured framework, a sco op .'.,pivotal1y supported in either ofj's'aid pivot .tor nilig supports, a a pin carriedfby said 0915 andfpa ssable through the aperture o f sai d supportsand. oppositely positioned with .respect to the I scoop pivot, and means for retaining the scoopinloaded position... l

9. Infa vehicle ofthe charactenqlescribed, the cornbination of "supporting framework, a scoop includingan eccentric pivot When ewes-ed orr eitsliomps' ieeve when fully loaded for automat cdumping by tiltv ing, andreturnipg tilting when unloaded,

and means si ipportlng the scoop pivot in a plurality of parallel positi0ns,..

, In a vehic le of the character described; the combination of. a supporting framework havin anaoertnretherein a t r: is

pair of pivot formingsupports positioned one above the other'and above and below said apertured, framework, a scoop plvotally supported in either of said pivot forming supports, a pin carriedby said scoop and passable through the aperture of said support and oppositely positioned with respect to the. scoop pivot, means for retaining the f 11. Ina vehicle of the character described, the combination ofa framework, a plurality I of, scoops .inovahly supported thereby, 'a;;;

drum for each scoop supported by said.

frameworks. hoisting means connecting: each scoop with lt's drum, a pulley upon each drum, aslngle cable associated w th .allfof said pulleys for successive hoisting of each scoop, and a latch associated with each scoop for retaining the'sarn'e inthe hoi'sted 1303i", tion after hoisting.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto affixed my signature.

JOHN oaar. 

